GNU Emacs history, versions, and merchandise dates
For much specifications astir merchandise contents, spot the NEWS* files.
Most of the improvement history of GNU Emacs is disposable successful its
source codification repository <https://savannah.gnu.org/git/?group=emacs>.
However, successful the early days GNU Emacs was developed without using
version power systems and was published via half-inch 9-track
1600-bpi magnetic portion reels. Although accusation astir this early
development is sketchy, the pursuing matter summarizes what is known.
EMACS started retired arsenic a group of macros atop the TECO matter editor, and
was first operational successful precocious 1976. It was inspired by earlier work
such arsenic the E editor of Stanford, and was based connected older TECO macro
sets. See: Stallman RM. EMACS: The Extensible, Customizable
Self-Documenting Display Editor. AI Memo 519a, MIT, 1981-03-26
<http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/5736/AIM-519A.pdf>.
EMACS successful move inspired respective akin editors. For a summary of
this history, spot <https://github.com/larsbrinkhoff/emacs-history>.
In 1984, activity began connected GNU Emacs, a caller implementation designed to
run connected GNU and GNU-like systems, pinch a full-featured Lisp astatine its
core. GNU Emacs 1.0 done 1.12 were released successful early 1985. The
next type aft 1.12 was 13; this was the first nationalist release.
Here is simply a database of known GNU Emacs unchangeable releases starting pinch the
initial nationalist release. Entries successful the database are of the shape "GNU
Emacs N (DATE) TAG", wherever N is the type number, DATE the release
date, and TAG (if present) the corresponding tag successful the root code
repository. Any commentary astir the type starts connected the adjacent line.
Dates are approximate successful the pursuing list; immoderate are erstwhile the version
was made, immoderate are erstwhile it was announced.
GNU Emacs 13 (1985-03-20)
Initial merchandise announced connected Usenet.
GNU Emacs 15.10 (1985-04-10)
GNU Emacs 15.34 (1985-05-07)
GNU Emacs 16.56 (1985-07-15)
First type 16 release.
GNU Emacs 16.57 (1985-09-16)
GNU Emacs 16.58 (1985-09-17)
GNU Emacs 16.59 (1985-09-17)
GNU Emacs 16.60 (1985-09-19)
GNU Emacs 17.36 (1985-12-20)
First type 17 release.
GNU Emacs 17.43 (1986-01-25)
GNU Emacs 17.46 (1986-02-04)
GNU Emacs 17.48 (1986-02-10)
GNU Emacs 17.49 (1986-02-12)
GNU Emacs 17.55 (1986-03-18)
GNU Emacs 17.57 (1986-03-27)
GNU Emacs 17.58 (1986-04-04)
GNU Emacs 17.61 (1986-04-22)
GNU Emacs 17.63 (1986-05-07)
GNU Emacs 17.64 (1986-05-12)
GNU Emacs 18.41 (1987-03-22)
GNU Emacs 18.45 (1987-06-02)
GNU Emacs 18.46 (1987-06-08)
GNU Emacs 18.47 (1987-06-10)
GNU Emacs 18.48 (1987-08-30)
GNU Emacs 18.49 (1987-09-18)
GNU Emacs 18.50 (1988-02-13)
GNU Emacs 18.51 (1988-05-07)
GNU Emacs 18.52 (1988-09-01)
GNU Emacs 18.53 (1989-02-24)
GNU Emacs 18.54 (1989-04-26)
GNU Emacs 18.55 (1989-08-23)
GNU Emacs 18.56 (1991-01-16)
GNU Emacs 18.57 (1991-01-25)
GNU Emacs 18.58 (1991-02-18)
GNU Emacs 18.59 (1992-10-30)
GNU Emacs 19.7 (1993-05-22)
GNU Emacs 19.8 (1993-05-24)
GNU Emacs 19.9 (1993-05-27)
GNU Emacs 19.10 (1993-05-30)
GNU Emacs 19.11 (1993-06-01)
GNU Emacs 19.12 (1993-06-02)
GNU Emacs 19.13 (1993-06-08)
GNU Emacs 19.14 (1993-06-17)
GNU Emacs 19.15 (1993-06-19)
GNU Emacs 19.16 (1993-07-06)
GNU Emacs 19.17 (1993-07-19)
GNU Emacs 19.18 (1993-08-08)
GNU Emacs 19.19 (1993-08-14)
GNU Emacs 19.20 (1993-11-11)
GNU Emacs 19.21 (1993-11-16)
GNU Emacs 19.22 (1993-11-27)
GNU Emacs 19.23 (1994-05-16)
GNU Emacs 19.24 (1994-05-23)
GNU Emacs 19.25 (1994-05-30)
GNU Emacs 19.26 (1994-09-07)
GNU Emacs 19.28 (1994-10-06)
GNU Emacs 19.29 (1995-06-19)
GNU Emacs 19.30 (1995-11-24)
GNU Emacs 19.31 (1996-05-25)
GNU Emacs 19.32 (1996-07-31)
GNU Emacs 19.33 (1996-08-11)
GNU Emacs 19.34 (1996-08-21) emacs-19.34
GNU Emacs 20.1 (1997-09-15) emacs-20.1
GNU Emacs 20.2 (1997-09-19) emacs-20.2
GNU Emacs 20.3 (1998-08-19) emacs-20.3
GNU Emacs 20.4 (1999-07-12) emacs-20.4
GNU Emacs 20.5 (1999-12-04)
GNU Emacs 20.6 (2000-02-15)
GNU Emacs 20.7 (2000-06-13)
GNU Emacs 21.1 (2001-10-20) emacs-21.1
GNU Emacs 21.2 (2002-03-16) emacs-21.2
GNU Emacs 21.3 (2003-03-19) emacs-21.3
GNU Emacs 21.4 (2005-02-08)
GNU Emacs 21.4a (2005-02-17)
This is Emacs 21.4 pinch an updated announcement successful etc/PROBLEMS.
GNU Emacs 22.1 (2007-06-02) emacs-22.1
GNU Emacs 22.2 (2008-03-26) emacs-22.2
GNU Emacs 22.3 (2008-09-05) emacs-22.3
GNU Emacs 23.1 (2009-07-29) emacs-23.1
GNU Emacs 23.2 (2010-05-08) emacs-23.2
GNU Emacs 23.3 (2011-03-10) emacs-23.3
GNU Emacs 23.4 (2012-01-29) emacs-23.4
GNU Emacs 24.1 (2012-06-10) emacs-24.1
GNU Emacs 24.2 (2012-08-27) emacs-24.2
GNU Emacs 24.3 (2013-03-10) emacs-24.3
GNU Emacs 24.4 (2014-10-20) emacs-24.4
GNU Emacs 24.5 (2015-04-10) emacs-24.5
GNU Emacs 25.1 (2016-09-16) emacs-25.1
GNU Emacs 25.2 (2017-04-20) emacs-25.2
GNU Emacs 25.3 (2017-09-11) emacs-25.3
GNU Emacs 26.1 (2018-05-28) emacs-26.1
GNU Emacs 26.2 (2019-04-12) emacs-26.2
GNU Emacs 26.3 (2019-08-28) emacs-26.3
GNU Emacs 27.1 (2020-08-10) emacs-27.1
GNU Emacs 27.2 (2021-03-25) emacs-27.2
GNU Emacs 28.1 (2022-04-04) emacs-28.1
GNU Emacs 28.2 (2022-09-12) emacs-28.2
GNU Emacs 28.3 (2023-02-17) emacs-28.3-rc1
Was not really released.
GNU Emacs 29.1 (2023-07-30) emacs-29.1
GNU Emacs 29.2 (2024-01-18) emacs-29.2
GNU Emacs 29.3 (2024-03-24) emacs-29.3
GNU Emacs 29.4 (2024-06-22) emacs-29.4
GNU Emacs 30.1 (2025-02-23) emacs-30.1
GNU Emacs 30.2 (2025-08-14) emacs-30.2
GNU Emacs 31.1 (2026-08-24) emacs-31.1
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This record is portion of GNU Emacs.
GNU Emacs is free software: you tin redistribute it and/or modify
it nether the position of the GNU General Public License arsenic published by
theSoftware Foundation, either type 3 of the License, or
(at your option) immoderate later version.
GNU Emacs is distributed successful the dream that it will beryllium useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without moreover the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY aliases FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for much details.
You should person received a transcript of the GNU General Public License
along pinch GNU Emacs. If not, spot <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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