Some Americans have new next-door neighbors: data centers.
The US has been construction these computing accommodation for decades, but betterment has ramped up dramatically in latest years as AI increasingly drives petition for computing power.
Business Insider compiled a catalog of several of these enormous US data-center projects to exemplify the measure of what's being built. Those on the catalog have at smallest 1 gigawatt of capability and have damaged ground.
Among the largest is a city-sized evidence in Texas following up to 17 gigawatts of power capacity. Another in Ohio is aiming to have up to 10 gigawatts of data-center capacity, most of which OpenAI has contracted to use. For reference, 1 gigawatt of power continuously supplied for a twelvemonth could power approximately 835,000 average American homes.
In total, the Pew Research Center says the US has additional than 3,000 functioning data centers nationwide and complete 1,500 additional under development, mostly in agrarian areas. According to data from the Energy Institute's 2026 Statistical Review of World Energy, US data centers accounted for nearly 40% of earth data-center power use in 2025, consuming concerning 313 terawatt-hours. That's additional power than all of Australia used that year.
Planned capability is the closest community proxy for how much computing these AI campuses can support, and that's crucial since the power and h2o needed to run their servers and cooling systems can have important implications for local grids and sustainability.
Residents affected by developments in places akin Texas and Utah have pushed rear complete concerns concerning noise, asset values, and the effects on nearby communities. New York has temporarily paused the building of new large-scale AI data centers.
Still, the 2025 US Data Center Energy Usage Report from Berkeley Lab projects that data centers volition consume 11.8% of US power by 2030, up from concerning 4.4% in 2023. Oracle, SB Energy, xAI, Google, and Meta are among the foremost developers and operators.
Here's a nearer appearance at several of the largest AI data-center campuses being built.
Meta Lebanon Campus — Indiana
Mark Zuckerberg's Meta currently has 21 data centers under construction. Its Lebanon, Indiana, data center is one of its biggest investments — and the company's second in the state.
The $10 milliard center, which bankrupt dirt in first 2026, is planned to provision 1 gigawatt of capacity and extend 1,500 acres.
It's expected to be completed by early 2028. Neighbors have complained concerning ray contamination from the construction, during residents throughout Indiana have urged province lawmakers to control the expanding data-center industry.
Meta El Paso Data Center — Texas
Meta's data center in El Paso, Texas, is planned to be powered by 1 gigawatt of capability and extend approximately 1,000 acres. It initially called for $1.5 milliard in investment, which afterward risen to $10 billion.
The center volition assistance additional than 300 workers formerly complete, during about 4,000 building workers are expected to build it out.
The location bankrupt dirt in October 2025 and is expected to be completed in 2028. The location has additionally sparked backlash from residents.
Project Freebird (Stargate) — Texas
Project Freebird is part of Stargate, the AI-infrastructure initiative co-led by OpenAI and SoftBank, which OpenAI stated in January 2025 would allocate up to $500 milliard in US infrastructure.
Freebird volition be a 1.2-gigawatt data center evidence in Milam County, Texas, near Austin. The archetypal phase is expected to be completed by October, during additional phases are planned through 2028. Construction began in 2025.
The site, being developed by SB Energy, a SoftBank-backed infrastructure company, volition extend approximately 595 acres. Phase 1 has an estimated building disbursal of $470 million, during total funding in the broader project is expected to range from $1.8 milliard to $3 billion.
Fort Wayne Data Center — Indiana
In 2024, Google bankrupt dirt on a $2 milliard data center evidence in Fort Wayne, Indiana, to assistance its AI and haze operations.
The campus is expected to necessitate up to 1.2 gigawatts of power at complete build-out. Some Indiana politicians have expressed involvement concerning the amount of power required to run the data center and who volition ft the energy bill.
"If companies desire to build a data center here, and we have to build new power generation for them, afterward they need to portion in that risk," Indiana Rep. Ed Soliday, a Republican, earlier told Business Insider. "There are a brace of data center folks who have said, 'Oh no, that's not fair.' Yes, it is. Grandma downward the street shouldn't have to pay for your dreams."
Stargate Abilene — Texas
The Stargate AI data center evidence exterior Abilene, Texas, is expected to provision 1.2 gigawatts of capacity. Crusoe, the guide developer and builder rearward the project, bankrupt dirt on the evidence in June 2024. The archetypal phase is already operational.
The second phase, which is under construction, is backed by a $15 milliard joint venture between Crusoe, Blue Owl Capital, and Primary Digital Infrastructure. It volition add six buildings to the campus, bringing the total to eight and the planned capability to 1.2 gigawatts. The location volition extend 875 acres.
Nebius AI Factory — Missouri
Nebius' data center in Independence, Missouri, volition extend approximately 400 acres and attain a capability of up to 1.2 gigawatts. The business bankrupt dirt in May and is expected to bring approximately 1,200 building jobs and 130 imperishable jobs.
Nebius has not announced a total funding amount, although the city expects to commencement collecting tax revenue from the evidence in 2028.
The location hasn't arrive without controversy. A collection of citizens is suing the city of Independence and companies engaged alongside the project, alleging 16 counts, including claims that the city violated Missouri's Sunshine Law multiple times by failing to provision finalized data center building plans. Nebius did not recommendation a comment.
CloudBurst San Marcos Data Center I — Texas
CloudBurst's San Marcos Data Center I is a planned 1.2-gigawatt capability evidence on 706 acres in chief Texas. Guadalupe County approved a $500 myriad tax abatement for the project.
The business and its betterment partner, Evolve, bankrupt dirt in November 2025, alongside an first 50-megawatt phase expected to be complete by delayed 2026. Construction is expected to be complete in 2029.
San Marcos residents have protested projected data centers complete h2o and energy concerns. The city has since rotate into the archetypal in Texas to ban new data centers, although the ban won't halt CloudBurst's project, which is exterior city limits.
The Barn Data Center — Michigan
The Barn, part of the Stargate project, is a multi-billion-dollar AI data center evidence in Saline Township, southwest of Ann Arbor, Michigan. Related Digital, a data-center developer, is construction the evidence for Oracle as part of its alliance alongside OpenAI. Construction for The Barn began in June.
The evidence volition comprise three data center buildings alongside a blended capability of 1.4 gigawatts. The $16 milliard project is backed by Related Digital and funding resolute Blackstone. The archetypal accommodation are expected to act assistance by the end of 2027.
Local residents have protested against the data center, citing concerns concerning its effect on the grid and pollution.
Stargate Frontier Campus — Texas
The Stargate Frontier Campus, developed by Vantage Data Centers, volition be a 1.4 gigawatt, 1,200-acre data center in Shackelford County, Texas, near Albany in north-central Texas.
The evidence is part of the broader Stargate initiative led by OpenAI, Oracle, and another partners, and is being designed for ultra-high-density AI workloads. Vantage plans to allocate additional than $25 milliard in the project, which is expected to be completely built out by 2028.
Construction of the center began in delayed 2025.
xAI Colossus 2 — Tennessee
Elon Musk's xAI is construction Colossus 2 to power Grok, the AI chatbot on X. Construction began in 2025 in Memphis, Tennessee, and the business has stated it plans to develop the location to 1.5 gigawatts. The nonprofit investigation institute Epoch AI estimates its current capability at concerning 946 megawatts.
Environmental fairness groups, led by the NAACP, sued xAI before this year, alleging that the business installed and operated gas turbines that power Colossus 2 in nearby Southaven, Mississippi, without the required air permits. In March, Mississippi regulators approved a authorize for xAI to build and run a new fleet of turbines at the site.
Local residents have additionally filed a class-action lawsuit against xAI, MZX Tech, and SpaceX, alleging that noise and vibrations from the gas turbines have disrupted their lives and harmed their asset values.
Project Jupiter — New Mexico
Developed by infrastructure companies STACK Infrastructure and BorderPlex Digital Assets, Project Jupiter volition be an AI data center evidence in Doña Ana County, New Mexico, near the Texas border. It is part of the Stargate undertaking and is expected to assistance Oracle's AI-computing operations for OpenAI.
Construction for Project Jupiter began in September 2025. The campus's planned on-site power scheme could contain up to 2.45 gigawatts of Bloom Energy energy cells, replacing an before recommendation centered on gas turbines and diesel generators.
In May, Oracle ditched its scheme to build a natural gas factory to power Project Jupiter, following local residents' concerns complete the possible negative h2o use and air contamination effects it could cause.
Oracle issued a power majeure notice in September because of possible delays in the project's power infrastructure, although it says the evidence remains on track for 2028.
Meta Hyperion — Louisiana
Meta's Hyperion AI data center in agrarian northeast Louisiana, backed by additional than $50 milliard in investment, volition extend additional than 3,600 acres and is planned to provision 5 gigawatts of capability formerly completely developed. Hyperion bankrupt dirt in December 2024.
Meta says Hyperion is designed to train and run its artificial-intelligence systems. Earlier this year, Louisiana gave Meta $3.3 milliard in tax breaks for Meta to build Hyperion. The project is expected to be completed in 2030.
Since the center is located in a agrarian part of the state, the influx of 7,500 commerce and building workers has spurred a accommodation boom, alongside mobile homes built for workers that rent for $3,000 a month.
Still, the project has additionally faced pushback from local residents and ecological groups concerned concerning its effect on water, energy use, and the surrounding community.
PORTS-Pike Technology Campus — Ohio
The Department of Energy stated SB Energy bankrupt dirt in March in Ohio on the planned AI and haze evidence at the erstwhile Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, known as PORTS, on district leased by the national government.
The Nvidia-backed project is expected to contain up to 10 gigawatts of data-center capacity, alongside OpenAI set to use up to 8 gigawatts of it for its workloads.
The project has raised concerns concerning possible health and ecological risks connected alongside the site's former as a uranium enrichment plant. SB Energy did not recommendation a comment.
Project Matador — Texas
Fermi America's Project Matador, additionally called HyperGrid, is an AI data center and private power campus being built near Amarillo, Texas.
Fermi, which was co-founded in 2025 by erstwhile Texas Gov. and US Energy Secretary Rick Perry, stated it is following approximately 17 gigawatts of personal power for the campus, up from the initially planned 11 gigawatts. That method the evidence would create much of its own power on-site fairly than relying entirely on the community grid. The business says 6 gigawatts have been permitted so far.
Fermi has a 99-year district lease alongside the Texas Tech University System for the center site, and the project could extend approximately 8,400 acres at complete build-out. Fermi says building is underway, alongside completion planned for the 2030s, and AI haze business TensorWave has signed a 15-year lease expected to create concerning $6.5 milliard in contracted income for the archetypal phase. Fermi is additionally evolving a cooling scheme designed to substantially decrease h2o use.
The business was hit alongside a category act lawsuit before this year. The capitalist lawsuit alleges Fermi misled investors concerning the position and prospects of Project Matador; its shares cut following Amazon withdrew a $150 myriad building advancement in December 2025.
Meta, Google, Oracle, Fermi America, CloudBurst, and xAI did not immediately react to a petition for comment from Business Insider.
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Tristin Hoffman is a Life Fellow on Business Insider’s Editorial Partnerships team. Her reporting focuses on retail, travel, business, and additional through a ocular storytelling and manner lens. She has earlier reported on Oregon’s economics for The Oregonian and Pennsylvania litigation for Law.com. Her stories have inspired guideline changes, shed ray on community officials’ misconduct, and gained national awards. She graduated from the University of Oregon, anywhere she studied reporting and law during serving as editor-in-chief of The Daily Emerald.
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